[B] Non-invasive geophysical and remote sensing methods to map and characterize relevant structures and processes

This subproject is a continuation of subproject F in the first phase, where we evaluated the potential of different ground-based geophysical techniques for exploring hydrological systems regarding subsurface structures, characteristics, and processes. There ERT and GPR have been proven as most promising geophysical tools in the Attert catchment to investigate subsurface structures and hydrological processes. Building up on the results of this subproject, we now focus on further developing selected geophysical techniques (time-lapse GPR imaging) for deepening our understanding of hydrological processes at the plot and hillslope scale. In addition, we propose to systematically evaluate modern remote sensing techniques because they currently represent the only means to efficiently explore larger areas or entire catchments.

Fig 1. Observation techniques in supproject B

Now, we focus on a combination of full-waveform laserscanning and hyperspectral imaging because they can provide detailed information regarding geometrical and physical properties of earth's surface, respectively. To link remote sensing with point/plot/hillslope scale data as provided by geophysics and conventional hydrological field techniques, we believe that further methodological innovations are needed. For example, we plan to establish a unique field laboratory to better understand the responses of geophysical and remote sensing techniques to different natural and artificial hydrological events and to develop exploration strategies advancing the applicability of geophysics and remote sensing for hydrological applications at a variety of spatial scales.